How to reduce habitat loss to save endangered species

Habitat loss is the leading driver of species extinction worldwide. Reducing it requires a combination of protected areas, ecological restoration, wildlife corridors, and sustainable land-use practices - supported by businesses and policymakers committing to nature-positive strategies.

The Earth supports a remarkable diversity of life: plant and animal species that, alongside humans, form healthy ecosystems. Learning how to reduce habitat loss is one of the defining conservation challenges of our time, and one that requires action from governments, communities and businesses alike. This biodiversity creates a complex, interconnected network maintaining the delicate balance of the whole.

Scientists estimate that we're currently experiencing a mass extinction event, with

species disappearing

at a rate hundreds to thousands of times faster than the natural background rate.

A 2019 report

by the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) revealed that one million animal and plant species are threatened with extinction, many within the next few decades.

More recently,

WWF's Living Planet Report 2024

reported a catastrophic 73% decline in the average size of monitored wildlife populations between 1970 and 2020, based on almost 35,000 population trends across 5,495 species. The

UN's 2024 SDG progress report

further found that over 44,000 species, 28% of assessed species , are currently threatened with extinction.

Luckily, conservation efforts around the world are working tirelessly to protect endangered species and their habitats. Innovative solutions and technological advancements are emerging, offering us a chance to change this course. 

Habitat loss is the destruction or degradation of an environment where plants and animals live, feed and reproduce, disrupts the delicate balance of ecosystems.

When habitats are lost or degraded, the habitat becomes incapable of supporting its native species, the biodiversity within them suffers, and animals and plants may not find suitable alternative conditions to survive or reproduce. 

Sadly, habitat loss is currently primarily driven by human activities that alter or destroy natural ecosystems, including:

Urbanisation involves the expansion of cities and towns, resulting in the transformation of natural landscapes into urban areas. This process often leads to the clearing of forests, wetlands, and other natural habitats to accommodate infrastructure, housing and industrial facilities. 

Urban areas not only occupy land but also create barriers to wildlife movement and disrupt ecological processes essential for biodiversity.

Agricultural practices require extensive land for crop cultivation, livestock grazing and aquaculture. As agricultural demand increases to feed growing populations, natural habitats such as forests, grasslands and wetlands are frequently converted into farmland. 

This conversion eliminates diverse ecosystems that support species, leading to habitat fragmentation and loss of biodiversity.

Deforestation involves the deliberate removal of forests for various purposes, including timber extraction, other natural resources and agriculture expansion and infrastructure development. Forests are habitats for numerous plant and animal species, providing food, shelter and breeding grounds. 

Large-scale deforestation not only reduces the overall area of forested land but also fragments remaining habitats, making it difficult for species to travel to feed and reproduce.

Infrastructure development includes the construction of roads, highways, railways, dams, pipelines and other facilities necessary for economic growth and connectivity. These projects often require clearing large areas of natural habitat and can fragment ecosystems, creating barriers that isolate populations and disrupt migration routes for wildlife. 

Infrastructure development near sensitive habitats can also lead to habitat degradation through pollution, noise and invasive species introduction.

Disruptions to natural water systems, such as dam construction, water diversion for agriculture and industry, and pollution from runoff, can significantly impact habitats. These disruptions can alter water flow patterns, degrade water quality, and harm aquatic ecosystems.

The unsustainable removal of fish from oceans and waterways at a rate faster than they can reproduce disrupts food chains, destroys marine habitats like coral reefs and threatens the livelihoods of communities dependent on fishing.

Over the years, different species have come close to being wiped out due to the relentless destruction of their habitats. 

One of these species, are the

orangutans

. These critically endangered apes rely on the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra for survival. Deforestation for palm oil plantations has decimated their habitat, with estimates suggesting a loss of over 60% of their forest cover in the last 20 years. This translates to a decline of populations, leaving only

approximately 57,350 individuals

remaining in the wild. Earthly work with a

peatland protection project in Rimba Raya

, Indonesia, directly addresses this issue by working with local communities to conserve their habitat.

Another example is the

Indus River Dolphin

. Habitat loss due to dam construction, water pollution, and overfishing has pushed this species to the brink, with an estimated population of only

around 2, 000 individuals remaining

. We work with a

mangrove restoration project in the Indus Delta

, a vital breeding ground for the Indus River Dolphin. These projects help restore and protect the dolphin's critical habitat, ensuring their voices can continue to echo through the river.

Finally, the

Iberian Lynx

is one of the world's most endangered cat species. Habitat degradation through agricultural expansion and infrastructure development has severely reduced its prey base. Estimates suggest there were

less than 100 Iberian Lynx

remaining in the wild by 2002. Luckily, the numbers have improved significantly over the years due to conservation efforts. We work with a degraded

forest restoration project in Mijares, Spai

n directly address this challenge by creating a more suitable environment for the Iberian Lynx and its prey, allowing them to reclaim their place in the Iberian ecosystem.

Each species plays a role in maintaining the balance of the ecosystem. When one species disappears due to habitat loss, it creates a ripple effect that can have far-reaching consequences.

Innovations in conservation efforts, technological advancements, and sustainable practices are essential to mitigate habitat loss and protect biodiversity. Let's explore some of these innovative solutions.

Nature-based

conservation efforts focus on preserving and restoring natural habitats through various methods that protect wildlife and maintain ecological balance. Nature Based solutions counter the effects of human activities on ecosystems and offer practical solutions that have been proven effective in various regions around the world.

Globally, the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted by more than 190 countries in December 2022, sets a landmark "30x30" target: protecting and restoring 30% of the world's land and oceans by 2030. As of 2026, only

17.3%

of terrestrial areas are currently protected - making private-sector participation in nature projects more urgent than ever.

Not all nature projects deliver the environmental and social outcomes they promise, which is why rigorous, independent assessment is essential to ensure business investment translates into genuine, measurable impact.

To address this, Earthly evaluates every project through

Keystone

, our science-backed assessment framework that examines more than 160 indicators across carbon, biodiversity, and people integrity. Only around 10% of projects assessed meet our minimum standard, reflecting the high bar we set for quality and credibility in the nature market.

These are designated regions where human activity is limited or entirely prohibited to preserve natural habitats. Protected areas include national parks, wildlife reserves, and marine sanctuaries. They provide safe homes for wildlife, allowing ecosystems to function naturally without significant human interference.

Studies have shown that protected areas can increase mammal species richness by up to 44% and bird species richness by up to 31%.

These are stretches of natural habitat that connect isolated populations of animals, enabling them to move safely between different areas. By linking fragmented habitats, wildlife corridors help maintain genetic diversity, reduce the risk of inbreeding, and enhance species resilience to environmental changes.

These projects restore degraded habitats to their natural state by leveraging natural processes to restore degraded ecosystems. Techniques include reforestation, wetland restoration and soil stabilisation.

Examples include planting native trees to improve soil health and restoring wetlands to filter water and provide habitat for aquatic species.

By reinstating native vegetation and improving habitat quality, ecological restoration helps revive ecosystems and support biodiversity.

Research from the World Bank finds that nature-based solutions such as urban park development and river restoration can lead to an estimated

67%

increase in local species richness.

Technological advancements play a big role in monitoring and restoring ecosystems, offering innovative solutions to combat habitat loss. These technologies enhance our ability to gather data, manage resources, and implement effective conservation strategies. As technology continues to evolve, its application in conservation becomes increasingly impactful.

Drones equipped with cameras and sensors are used to monitor and survey large and remote areas efficiently. They provide real-time data on wildlife populations, vegetation health and habitat conditions, enabling researchers and conservationists to make informed decisions and take prompt action when necessary.

Drones can cover large areas quickly and safely, allowing researchers to collect vital data that would be difficult or impossible to obtain using traditional methods.

Advanced technology like geographic information systems (GIS) can be used to map degraded ecosystems and plan large-scale restoration projects. This data allows for targeted interventions such as reforestation efforts and the reintroduction of native plant species. 

GIS technology allows for the creation of detailed maps that can be used to identify priority areas for restoration, track progress over time, and measure the success of restoration projects.

Satellites and other remote sensing technologies can be used to monitor changes in habitat cover over time, helping to identify areas where deforestation or other forms of habitat degradation are occurring. This information is crucial for directing conservation efforts and measuring the effectiveness of habitat restoration projects.

By analysing water samples for traces of environmental DNA shed by animals, researchers can identify the presence of specific species in an area without the need for traditional capture or observation methods. This non-invasive technique can be a valuable tool for monitoring endangered species populations and tracking their distribution within a habitat

Sustainable practices focus on reducing human impact on the environment by promoting eco-friendly methods and responsible consumption.

Sustainable farming practices, such as agroforestry, crop rotation, regeneration and organic farming, reduce environmental impact and promote biodiversity. 

These methods minimise soil degradation, conserve water, and reduce chemical use, creating a more balanced and resilient agricultural system.

The rise of consumer awareness about sustainability is driving a shift towards more environmentally friendly products and practices.

Encouraging consumers to make eco-friendly choices can highly reduce habitat loss. This includes purchasing products with sustainable certifications, reducing waste, and supporting companies with environmentally friendly practices. 

By making conscious decisions, consumers can drive demand for sustainable products and contribute to habitat conservation.

The fight against habitat loss is far from over, but there are inspiring stories that demonstrate the power of conservation efforts. 

Businesses have an opportunity to join this fight by adopting sustainable practices and supporting conservation initiatives. Partnering with

Earthly

is a great way for businesses to connect with reliable nature-based projects that make a real difference.

Through Earthly, businesses can access:

Every project is evaluated through

Keystone

, Earthly’s comprehensive nature project assessment framework, ensuring credible outcomes for carbon, biodiversity, and local communities.This gives businesses the evidence they need to act on nature-related risks and meet disclosure requirements like TNFD, CSRD, and SBTN.

Get in touch with our team

to find out how Earthly can support your nature strategy, or

visit our marketplace

to explore our portfolio of verified nature projects.

What is biodiversity loss?

Biodiversity loss refers to the decline in the variety and abundance of plant and animal species within an ecosystem. It can occur through species extinction, habitat destruction, pollution, climate change, and other human activities that disrupt natural environments.

What is the 30x30 target and how does it relate to habitat loss?

The 30x30 target is the centrepiece of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, adopted by over 190 countries in 2022. It commits signatories to protecting and effectively managing 30% of the world's land and oceans by 2030, and restoring 30% of already degraded ecosystems.

How does habitat loss affect biodiversity?

Habitat loss reduces the space, food sources, and breeding grounds that species need to survive. As habitats become fragmented or destroyed, populations decline, ecosystems become less resilient, and the risk of species extinction increases.

What is the difference between biodiversity loss and species extinction?

Biodiversity loss refers to the overall decline in the variety and abundance of life, while species extinction occurs when a species disappears entirely. Biodiversity loss often precedes extinction as populations become smaller and ecosystems become degraded.

How do habitat restoration projects support endangered species?

Habitat restoration projects improve ecosystem health by restoring food sources, breeding areas, migration routes, and shelter for wildlife. By rebuilding suitable habitats, these projects can help endangered species recover and increase population numbers over time.

Why is biodiversity important for businesses?

Biodiversity strengthens many of the ecosystem services businesses rely on, including clean water, fertile soils, pollination, climate regulation, and natural resources. Protecting biodiversity can help businesses manage environmental risks, meet sustainability goals, and strengthen long-term resilience.

How can businesses help reduce biodiversity loss?

Businesses can reduce their contribution to habitat loss by adopting sustainable land and supply chain practices, setting nature-positive targets in line with frameworks like TNFD and SBTN, and investing in high-integrity nature projects.

Earthly helps businesses identify and support verified habitat restoration and protection projects around the world, making it straightforward to take meaningful action.